評論集：巴黎奧運(yùn)收官，美國在獎牌榜上居于首位。中美截然不同的運(yùn)動員培養(yǎng)思路/體系~

[dexed]
I really don’t think the rest of the world is catching up to the US nor China. The reason why China is so good is that the dedication that its athletes give their respective sports. Seriously. They start at a very young age and that’s all they do is just that.

我真不覺得世界其他國家會趕上美國或中國。中國之所以如此出色，是因為中國運(yùn)動員對各自項目的獻(xiàn)身精神。我是認(rèn)真的。他們從很小的年紀(jì)就開始投身了，而且他們?nèi)康臅r間精力都投在這些運(yùn)動上了。

The US is so strong in athletics because of how organized athletics are in the country and because the best high school athletes are allowed to compete in university athletics.

而美國在田徑項目上如此強(qiáng)大，是因為該國運(yùn)動員的高度組織化，而且會允許最優(yōu)秀的高中運(yùn)動員參加大學(xué)比賽。

What gives the US the edge over all of the world is its universities. There’s literally athletes from Sweden, France, Australia, you name it at American universities competing against top American athletes.

美國之所以更勝全世界一籌，就是因為它的大學(xué)。在美國大學(xué)里，真的有來自瑞典、法國、澳大利亞等國的運(yùn)動員與美國頂尖運(yùn)動員同場競技。

China funds their athletes development from a young age whereas the US collegiate system makes a lot of money off of them. I find it funny how both systems are effective

↘中國在運(yùn)動員很小的時候就開始資助他們的成長進(jìn)步，而美國的學(xué)院制從他們身上賺走了很多錢。一想到這兩個體系都很有效，我就感覺還挺好笑的。

Personally find the US to be a much better place to be an athlete.
Also, C’s athletes are just pawns for their government.

↘我個人覺得，對運(yùn)動員來說，美國是一個理想得多的地方。
此外，C的運(yùn)動員只是政府的棋子。

GGWP. Tokyo 2021 ended with a 1 gold medal gap between US and China. This time it was tied.
2028 is going to be exciting. Although I expect the usual Olympic homecooking that happens will come into play for us.

↘（美）精彩的比賽。2021年東京奧運(yùn)會結(jié)束時，美中之間的金牌差距為1塊。而這次打平了。
2028年奧運(yùn)會很激動人心的。雖然我估計，奧運(yùn)會中通常都會存在的主場優(yōu)勢會對我們產(chǎn)生影響的。

Somehow I can’t imagine China performing too well in flag football, baseball and lacrosse!

↘不知為啥，我感覺中國在腰旗橄欖球、棒球和棍網(wǎng)球上的表現(xiàn)不會太好！

Perhaps but they nearly pulled off the upset of the games in women’s field hockey

↘或許吧，但她們在女子曲棍球比賽中差一點就爆冷獲勝了

Their women's rugby team looked very good as well!

↘（新西蘭）她們的女子橄欖球隊也給人很強(qiáng)大的觀感！

That’s not gonna make up for the medals(8 if they were dropped this year) they will lose on since IOC has dropped Boxing and weightlifting from 2028 schedule.

↘這并不能彌補(bǔ)因國際奧委會將拳擊和舉重從2028年奧運(yùn)會比賽日程中剔除而失去的獎牌數(shù)（如果是在今年被剔除，則這個數(shù)字為8枚）。

SoulCycle_
China not creating a bunch of sports only they play?

中國不是搞了一堆只有他們自己才玩的體育項目嗎？

Yes, only the U.S. plays baseball

↘是啊，只有美國玩棒球哦。

zeyu12
China overperformed expectations. I think they were projected 35-36 gold coming in. So well played

中國的表現(xiàn)超出了預(yù)期。我認(rèn)為他們當(dāng)初的計劃是拿到35到36金。他們的表現(xiàn)真不錯。

My projections before tourny was 41 US and 36 China. Everything was on track until China did better than I expected in canoe, artistic swimming, Rhythmic swimming and boxing while US lost shotput and didn't get the makeup high jump.

↘賽前我的推算是：美國 41金，中國36金。一切都在按照計劃發(fā)展，直到中國在皮劃艇、花樣游泳和拳擊項目上拿出了超出我預(yù)期的表現(xiàn)，而美國輸?shù)袅算U球，也沒有在補(bǔ)賽中贏得跳高那塊金牌。


Our relay coaches need some serious work. Didn't we get disqualified in the mixed 4x in Tokyo for a bad handoff too?

↘我們的接力賽教練，工作必須認(rèn)真起來了。我們在東京奧運(yùn)的混合四人接力賽中不是也因為交接失誤而被取消資格了嗎？

They almost never practice it, they just the pull sprinter's names out of a hat and do it live. And then change the lineup last second so even if practice did happen, it doesn't matter anymore.

↘（美）他們幾乎從不練習(xí)，他們只是從帽子里抽出短跑運(yùn)動員的名字，然后直接去現(xiàn)場比賽。然后又在最后一刻改變陣容，所以就算練習(xí)過，也已經(jīng)無關(guān)緊要了。

Let's not forget atheletes like the pole vaulter who is a US citizen, born and bred in Louisana, but represents Sweden.

↘我們別忘了那位撐桿跳運(yùn)動員之類的群體，他是美國公民，在路易斯安那州出生、長大，卻代表瑞典參賽。

Su Weide of the Chinese team lost the gold medal by many mistakes in gymnastics and was exposed by Chinese netizens. Hahaha

↘中國隊的蘇煒德在體操比賽中因多次失誤而與金牌失之交臂，還被中國網(wǎng)民揭發(fā)了。哈哈哈

China not getting gold in men's all around gymnastics was a surprise as well

↘中國在體操男子全能比賽中沒拿到金牌也令人驚訝

Indeed, even a gold in Tennis and BMX also surprised me.
One thing China could improve on, though, would be to re-conquer badminton. 2 gold in 5 events for this year (same with 2020). Hopefully, China could get some more gold in Badminton for LA 2028!

↘（新加坡）甚至能在網(wǎng)球和小輪車比賽中奪得1金，還真挺讓我驚訝的。
不過，有一方面是中國可以改進(jìn)的，那就是重新征服羽毛球。今年在5個項目中獲得2金（與2020年相同）。希望中國能在 2028年洛杉磯奧運(yùn)會的羽毛球比賽中再多拿一些金牌！

'm actually happy with Badminton being competitive and only a couple Chinese golds. I want China to win less table tennis in 2028 to hopefully give that sport some more fire. Its slowly dying.
Hopefully China picks the medals back up elsewhere like gymnastics or swimming or starts getting a TF medal or two.

↘羽毛球比賽陷入激烈競爭，以及中國只拿到一兩枚金牌，我其實是很樂見的。我希望2028年中國能少拿一點乒乓球金牌，希望籍此給這項運(yùn)動添一把火。它正在慢慢消亡。
希望中國能在其他項目上重新奪回獎牌，比如體操或游泳，或者開始獲得一兩枚鐵人三項的獎牌。

Table Tennis isn't dying lol, Japan and France have put in tons of work in the last 4 years. Felix Lebrun went from nowhere to Bronze and he's only 19 or something. China's #1 seed got knocked out by Sweden. Harimoto almost knocked out the other player.
There's a lot of hype for table tennis right now.

↘乒乓球不會消亡的哈哈，日本和法國在過去四年里付出了巨大的努力。菲利克斯·勒布倫從籍籍無名到獲得銅牌，他只有 19歲左右。中國的頭號種子被瑞典人淘汰。而張本差點就淘汰了另一位選手。
現(xiàn)在，乒乓球被炒得很火。

Nah I want less gold for China in badminton. Having more competitive countries will be great for badminton development in long term. Table tennis is the example, the likes of Sweden and France have slowly emerged and actually gave the mighty China a great fight and kept me engaged all the time.

↘不，我還是希望中國在羽毛球上少拿一點金牌。從長遠(yuǎn)來看，出現(xiàn)更多有競爭力的國家將有利于羽毛球的發(fā)展。乒乓球就是一個例子，已經(jīng)慢慢涌現(xiàn)出了瑞典、法國這樣的國家，實打?qū)嵉匕褟?qiáng)大的中國拉進(jìn)了一場精彩的戰(zhàn)斗，而且從頭到尾都吸引了我。

Ingr1d
Surely China was the favourite for artistic/rhythmic swimming once Russia pulled out?

俄羅斯退出后，中國肯定就成了花樣游泳的奪金熱門了吧？

Thadlust
Why do we always do it by the skin of our teeth lMao

為什么我們總是能僥幸勝出呢哈哈哈

Something to note is that the USA and China have very different ways of approaching the games that cause China to have a higher floor when it comes to golds (i.e. they enter almost every Olympics with more events where they are big favorites for gold) but the USA has a higher ceiling (i.e. the USA enters every Olympics with more events where they could realistically get gold).

↘（美）值得注意的是，美國和中國應(yīng)對奧運(yùn)會的手法截然不同，這也導(dǎo)致中國在金牌方面擁有更高的下限（即中國每次參加奧運(yùn)會，參加的多是中國為奪金大熱門的項目），但美國的上限更高（即美國每次參加奧運(yùn)會，參加的多是他們實際上真能奪金的項目）。

The Chinese Olympic Comittee a largely state-run centralized organization that is focused on gold over all else. So while they obviously do put money a bit everywhere and will obviously support top swimmers or shot-putters if they emerge, they are VERY heavily focused on sports where they are likely to get golds and a lot of them.

中國奧委會是一個主要由國家管理的集權(quán)化組織，其關(guān)注點就是金牌。因此，雖然他們確實在所有運(yùn)動上都投入了一些資金，而且如果涌現(xiàn)了頂級游泳或鉛球運(yùn)動員，他們顯然也會予以支持，但他們會極度重視那些他們可能摘金乃至大量摘金的運(yùn)動。

They noticed years ago that the USA, GB, Australia, etc. didn't put that much funding (comparatively) into diving, weightlifting, shooting, etc, so they basically decided that they'd fund and train the hell out of those sports so they could rack up a bunch of golds in them. Also, they'll generally only heavily fund and train people who have a good shot at gold- apparently the Chinese sportscape is full of people who were discarded when it was determined that they would only be the seventh best diver in the world.

他們多年前就注意到，美國、英國、澳大利亞等國在跳水、舉重、射擊等項目上投入的資金（相對而言）并不多，所以基本上，他們就決定了要往死里資助和訓(xùn)練這些運(yùn)動，這樣他們就能在這些運(yùn)動中大量收割金牌。而且，他們通常只會大力資助和訓(xùn)練那些有很大幾率獲得金牌的選手，顯然，中國體育界充滿了這樣一種人：在被確定為在全世界排名第七后就被拋棄的跳水運(yùn)動員。

By contrast, the USOC is a non-governmental entity- it's authorized by the US government, but isn't of it and receives almost no funding from it (and what funding they do get directly from the government is related to providing paralympic opportunities for wounded veterans, IIRC). Instead, it's funded by sponsors, donors, and big fat media rights deals. This leads to two things: it's the wealthiest National Olympic Committee and thus can fund basically everything to at least some level (although of course some are funded far more than others while others like team handball I presume are basically given the minimum)... but it's also at the whims of the donors and sponsors, who of course want the big prestige events like track, swimming, gymnastics, etc. to receive the most money.

相比之下，美國奧委會是一個非政府實體，它由美國政府授權(quán)，但并不是美國政府的一部分，而且?guī)缀醪粡恼抢铽@得任何資金（如果我沒記錯的話，也有直接從政府獲得資金的，這部分錢是用來為負(fù)傷的退伍軍人提供參加殘奧會的機(jī)會）。相反，是由贊助商、捐贈者和油水很足的媒體版權(quán)交易提供資金的。而這導(dǎo)致兩個結(jié)果：美國奧委會是最有錢的國家奧林匹克委員會，因此有能力至少在某種程度上資助所有的運(yùn)動（當(dāng)然了，有些運(yùn)動獲得的資金遠(yuǎn)多于其他一些運(yùn)動，根據(jù)我的推測，像手球之類的運(yùn)動基本上只能得到最低水平的資助）…但這也取決于捐贈者和贊助商的意愿，他們當(dāng)然希望田徑、游泳、體操等聲望很高的項目獲得最多的資金了。

This means that the USA is "in it" in a lot of sports, but the ones where it's most dominant and well-funded (track, swimming, etc.) are also the ones where OTHER countries are strongest (since again track and swimming have other strong programs that the Chinese don't have to deal with in weightlifting or diving or whatever), so there are fewer guaranteed golds. On the other hand, though, the USA spreads out the money more in general due to having more of it thanks to the largesse of NBC, and it WILL fund people who may not be major gold medal favorites. This means that the USA has more athletes who will pull in gold medals they aren't "supposed" to win, like Hocher and Faulkner this year.

而這就意味著美國在很多體育項目中都“有一席之地”，但美國統(tǒng)治力最強(qiáng)且獲得大量資助的項目（田徑、游泳等）也是其他國家實力最強(qiáng)的項目（而中國在舉重、跳水等項目上不需要面對這個問題），因此能確保贏得的金牌數(shù)較少。另一方面，由于NBC的慷慨解囊，美國因為手上錢多，總體上分配出去的資金就更多，而且會資助那些可能不是奪金大熱門的運(yùn)動員。這就意味著美國會有更多運(yùn)動員贏得“本不應(yīng)該”贏得的金牌，比如今年的赫歇爾（1500米）和?？思{（自行車）。

So in essence, when it all comes together like this, it means that every Summer Olympics will almost certainly see the USA win the overall medal count, but gold will basically comes down to how well the USA does in the more-famous-but-more competitive disciplines and how many unexpected golds the USA grabs. And that also means that if swimming and/or track falter (as track did in Tokyo and swimming did this year) the gold medal count is going to be close, since China piles up the golds in diving, weightlifting, etc. But in years where both the swimming AND track both kill it with golds, the USA will blast everyone away, as happened in Rio.

所以本質(zhì)而言，當(dāng)所有這些因素綜合作用時，就會導(dǎo)致在每一屆夏季奧運(yùn)會上，美國幾乎肯定會在總獎牌榜中勝出，但金牌數(shù)基本上取決于美國在更出名但競爭也更激烈的項目上的表現(xiàn)，以及美國能奪取多少意料之外的金牌。而這也意味著，如果游泳和/或田徑表現(xiàn)不佳（就像東京奧運(yùn)會的田徑表現(xiàn)和今年的游泳表現(xiàn)一樣），金牌數(shù)會非常接近，因為中國在跳水、舉重等項目上都拿到了一大堆金牌。但在游泳和田徑奪金方面都有出色發(fā)揮的年份，美國就會完勝所有對手，就像里約奧運(yùn)會的情況一樣。

Also, China not only emphasizes training in sports where the US are less dominant, but also events/sports where there are multiple medal opportunities. Why train 20 people to win one medal (ie. a basketball team), when you can train one person to win 10 medals (ie. Michael Phelps).

↘此外，中國不僅注重訓(xùn)練那些美國不占優(yōu)勢的運(yùn)動項目，還注重那些會產(chǎn)生多個奪獎機(jī)會的項目/運(yùn)動。為什么要訓(xùn)練20個人去贏得一塊獎牌（如籃球隊），明明訓(xùn)練一個人就能贏得10塊獎牌（如菲爾普斯）。

China spent tons of money training their basketball and football team to the extent that tax payers are complaining about this. It's also investing in sports that was never its thing before like tennis and hockey. It's just you don't know lol

↘中國砸下了大量資金訓(xùn)練他們的籃球隊和足球隊，都到了納稅人為此抱怨的地步了。他們還投資了以前從未涉足過的體育項目，如網(wǎng)球和曲棍球。你不知道罷了哈哈

So in short, America uses its overall athletic prowess to try and dominate with sheer athleticism. China instead focuses narrowly on the sports it knows no one else focuses on in an attempt to bump up its medal count in less competitive sports.
I'll take the former any day.

簡而言之，美國利用其整體的超凡運(yùn)動實力，試圖完全憑借崇尚運(yùn)動/運(yùn)動能力占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位。而中國反而只去專注沒有其他國家關(guān)注的運(yùn)動，試圖在競爭性較低的運(yùn)動中提升獎牌數(shù)。
我在任何情況下都會選擇前者。

China won 1 gold and 1 silver in tennis, 2 gold and dozens of silver and bronze in swimming, silver in hockey, gold in cycling, gold in rowing, and 2 gold and 1 silver 1 bronze in boxing. Are tennis, swimming, hockey, cycling, rowing, boxing all fiends that have no international competitors?

↘中國在網(wǎng)球比賽中贏得了1金1銀，在游泳比賽中獲得2金和十幾塊銀牌和銅牌，在曲棍球比賽中獲得銀牌，在自行車比賽中獲得金牌，在皮劃艇比賽中獲得金牌，在拳擊比賽中獲得2金1銀1銅。難道網(wǎng)球、游泳、曲棍球、自行車、賽艇、拳擊都是沒有國際競爭對手的項目嗎？

Inner_Minute197
As an American I’m ecstatic about this outcome, but I have nothing but respect for Team China here. While I, as a former track and field athlete, never understood the focus on gold to determine the winner as our events are scored by weighted medal count for the team win, the narrative around most golds made for an exciting time and discussion.

（美）這個結(jié)果讓我這個美國人欣喜若狂，但我對中國隊只有敬意。雖然我這個前田徑運(yùn)動員，從來都不理解為什么要圍繞金牌來定勝負(fù)，因為我們的比賽是按獲勝團(tuán)隊的加權(quán)獎牌數(shù)來計分的，但圍繞最多金牌的敘事是用來催發(fā)激動人心的時刻和激烈的討論。

laughingpanda232
And they say we are fat and stupid!

（美）他們還說我們又胖又笨呢，現(xiàn)在怎么樣！

On average, we are

↘（美）平均而言，我們確實是

MontyBoo-urns
China making the medal count super competitive added a lot of excitement to these games

中國把獎牌榜的競爭變得極為激烈，這就為這些比賽增添了很多刺激。

RedditTekUser
Race to the top was wild between USA and China. It came down to last day and last game (I believe) and the last fucking shot. I have never seen any Olympics where medal topper being decided this late.

美國和中國間的榜首之爭太狂野了。一直到最后一天、最后一場比賽（我記得是這樣）乃至最后一擊才決出雌雄。我從來沒見過有哪屆奧運(yùn)會的獎牌榜榜首拖到這么晚才決出。

US also has 204 more athletes than China, in fact they are at the low end of the medals won to athletes ratio

↘（丹）而且，美國的運(yùn)動員人數(shù)比中國多了204人，事實就是，美國贏得的獎牌與運(yùn)動員人數(shù)的比例處于較低水平

Soca1ian
US and China supporters should join forces to make fun of India.

美國和中國的支持者應(yīng)該聯(lián)合起來嘲笑印度。

david5699
Suck it China!

中國，忍著吧你就！

Hydro033
Good. Can't let China use as part of their propaganda campaign of "the declining West." They also just win dumb events like synchronized diving.

很好。不能讓中國利用這一點來宣傳“西方正在衰落”。他們還贏得了雙人跳水之類的蠢項目。

Alarmed-Day2295
Idk kinda annoying we tied with China

我們和中國打平了，這讓我有點鬧心啊

Luiso_
Bro I am scared, China is getting closer and closer every 4 years

我挺害怕的，中國每隔四年就追得更近。